Each entry is quoted from its source and linked to it. The full set is in the standards reference.
EN ISO 10874 — use classes
EN ISO 10874 sets out a classification of floor coverings by area and intensity of use; the classes are 21, 22 and 23 for domestic use, 31 to 34 for commercial use and 41 to 43 for industrial use.
| Class 21 | Domestic moderate/light |
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| Class 22 | Domestic general/medium |
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| Class 23 | Domestic heavy |
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| Class 31 | Commercial moderate |
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| Class 32 | Commercial general |
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| Class 33 | Commercial heavy |
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| Class 41 | Industrial moderate |
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| Class 42 | Industrial general |
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| Class 43 | Industrial heavy |
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“In EN ISO 10874 a classification system for different use classes is described, with references to the relevant product standards.”
Source: How to use the Floor Covering Standard Symbols (FCSS) — EUFCA, symbols per EN 15398BS EN 13489 — multi-layer parquet
BS EN 13489 is the product standard for multi-layer parquet elements, setting out their characteristics, requirements and test methods for internal use as flooring.
“This document specifies the characteristics, requirements and test methods of multi-layer parquet elements for internal use as flooring.”
Source: BS EN 13489:2023 - Wood-flooring and parquet. Multi-layer parquet elementsHow often a wood floor can be sanded
No trade-association or standards source found puts a number on how often an engineered wood floor can be sanded; the only sourced figure comes from a manufacturer, Kährs, which says engineered floors can be sanded up to four times depending on wear-layer thickness.
| sanding cycles, engineered wood floor (manufacturer statement) | up to 4 times |
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“Depending on the thickness of the wear layer, they can be sanded up to four times, extending their lifespan significantly.”
Source: FAQ about flooring - KährsHerringbone and chevron — what the two patterns are
Herringbone is laid from rectangular blocks whose ends are cut square: set at right angles to each other and staggered, so that the end of one block meets the side of the next and the pattern reads as a broken zigzag. Chevron blocks have their ends cut at an angle - typically 45 or 60 degrees, depending on the manufacturer - so the ends meet on a continuous line and form a V. No published standard we could read defines the two patterns; the definitions here come from manufacturers and agree with each other.
| Herringbone: angle between adjacent blocks | 90 degrees |
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| Chevron: typical end-cut angle (manufacturer-dependent) | 45 or 60 degrees |
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“Herringbone flooring features rectangular wood planks arranged in a staggered zigzag pattern. Each plank meets the next at a 90-degree angle. In chevron patterns, the wood planks are cut at an angle, typically 45 or 60 degrees, so they meet in a continuous V-shape.”
Source: Havwoods - Herringbone vs. Chevron: Which Parquet Style Suits Your Space Best? · second sourceCutting waste — how much extra to order
There is no published industry standard for cutting waste; the figures come from manufacturers' own guidance and they vary. Havwoods advises 8-12 % wastage for planks and 15-20 % for patterned floors such as herringbone or chevron. Quick-Step's UK guidance for laminate is 5 % extra in a regular room and 10 % in a room with many angles or curves.
| Wastage allowance, plank floors (Havwoods UK) | 8-12 % |
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| Wastage allowance, herringbone or chevron (Havwoods UK) | 15-20 % |
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| Extra to order, regular room, laminate (Quick-Step UK) | 5 % |
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| Extra to order, room with many angles or curves, laminate (Quick-Step UK) | 10 % |
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“For planks we typically advise on 8-12% wastage and patterned floors, such as herringbone or chevron, may need 15-20% wastage.”
Source: Havwoods UK - FAQs: How Much Wastage Shall I Encounter For? · second sourceWear layer thickness classes for vinyl
EN ISO 10582 does not link heterogeneous PVC floor coverings to a wear layer thickness in millimetres per class. Its published scope states that the standard specifies the characteristics of non-cushioned heterogeneous PVC floor coverings and that it includes a classification system (see ISO 10874) based on the intensity of use, plus requirements for marking - so the class number (23, 31, 32, 33, 34) describes where a floor is fit to be used, not how thick its wear layer is.
| Basis of the classification system referenced by EN ISO 10582 (ISO 10874) | intensity of use |
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“To encourage the consumer to make an informed choice, this document includes a classification system (see ISO 10874) based on the intensity of use, which shows where these floor coverings give satisfactory service. It also specifies requirements for marking.”
Source: ISO 10582:2017 - Resilient floor coverings - Heterogeneous poly(vinyl chloride) floor covering - Specifications (ISO catalogue page, abstract)EN 16354 — how an underlay’s impact sound value is declared
EN 16354 specifies the test methods for the technical characteristics of underlays under laminate floor coverings, impact sound among them, and sets requirements for marking. Neither the standard nor the trade associations publish a typical impact sound figure: the EPLF's technical bulletin says an underlay's ISLam value should be at least 14 dB, tested with the reference floor covering described in EN 16354, and any higher figure on a data sheet is a product-specific declaration by that manufacturer.
| Minimum ISLam impact sound value recommended by the EPLF for an underlay under laminate | 14 dB |
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“The test methods are described in EN 16354 'Laminate floor coverings - Underlays - Specifications, requirements and test methods'. The ISLam value of an underlayment for footstep soundproofing should be at least 14 dB. To express the ISLAM value the reference floor covering described in EN16354:2018 (clause 3.5) has to be used for tests.”
Source: EPLF Technical Bulletin - Underlay Materials under Laminate Floor Coverings - Test Standards and Performance Indicators (English edition 12/2022) · second sourceThermal resistance of the floor covering
Floor coverings over a warm water underfloor heating system are normally limited to a thermal resistance of R(λ,B) ≤ 0.15 m2K/W, which is also the worst permissible case used for system dimensioning in dwellings.
| maximum thermal resistance of floor covering (R lambda,B) | 0.15 m2K/W |
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“The following types of floor coverings can be laid on Uponor surface heating/cooling systems if a maximum thermal resistivity of Rλ,B ≤ 0,15 m²K/W is observed and approved by the manufacturer”
Source: Uponor underfloor heating/cooling — Planning information (Technical Information TI-1186660)